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旁白:英国人开始投票了。投票结果令人惊讶。
BBC RADIO NEWS: Here is the state of the parties up to 3:00; in detail: Conservatives 180; Labor 364。
BBC广播消息:到3:00为止,得票情况为保守党180,工党364。
NARRATOR: Churchill was out。 The people had voted for a new socialist Britain。
旁白:邱吉尔输了。人们投票选举了一个社会主义者。
BARBARA CASTLE: The Labor Party swept to power simply because the vast majority of people; particularly those men and women in the fighting forces whod lived through the dreadful Depression years of the 30s; just said; ";Churchills done a fine job of war leader; but we dont trust him to win the peace。";
BARBARA CASTLE:工党获胜仅仅是因为绝大多数人,尤其是军队中那些从可怕的大萧条中活过来的人认为“邱吉尔作为战时领导人表现很好,但我们不信任他能够赢得和平。”
LEMENT ATTLEE: What kind of society do you want?
克莱门特。艾德礼:你想要哪种社会?
NARRATOR: Attlee promised his party that they would build a new Jerusalem。
旁白:艾德礼承诺他的党将把英国建成天堂。
CLEMENT ATTLEE: Lets go forward into this fight in the spirit of William Blake: ";I will not cease from mental fight; nor shall the sword sleep in my hand; till we have built Jerusalem in Englands green and pleasant land。";
克莱门特。艾德礼:让我们以William Blake的精神来进行战斗吧,“直到我们在英格兰美丽的绿色大地上建立了天堂,我才会停止精神斗争,才会让剑在我手中沉睡。”
NARRATOR: William Blakes hymn ";Jerusalem"; became an anthem for the Labor movement。
旁白:William Blake赞美诗中的“耶路撒冷”成了工人运动的圣歌。
BARBARA CASTLE: You know; it seemed to people whod been through a war; it seemed to them natural justice。 Why not pool your resources? And so we broke into the concept of the sacredness of private property。
BARBARA CASTLE:你知道,这对那些从战争中活下来的人来说是很自然的。为什么不共享资源呢?因此我们打破了私有财产神圣不可侵犯的观念。
NARRATOR: When Labor took power; private owners were pelled to sell their businesses。 Labor created a ";mixed economy"; in which newly nationalized industries coexisted with private enterprise。 Now government…owned industries like coal; rail; and steel no longer enriched owners and shareholders; but worked for the mon good。
旁白:工党掌权后,私人业主被强迫卖掉他们的企业。工党创造了一种“混合经济”,在这种经济中国有企业和私人企业并存。现在公有行业(例如煤炭、铁路和钢铁)再也不是为业主和股东谋利益的,而是为公共利益服务的。
TONY BENN: So it was an act of regeneration; of renewal。 That was the hope; and it was the hope that gave us the welfare state; gave us the National Health Service; gave us full employment; gave us trade union rights; really rebuilt the country from the bottom up。
TONY BENN:因此这是一个重建和更新的行动。它是一个希望,一个建立福利国家的希望。它让我们拥有国民医疗服务制度、充分就业和工会权利;真正将国家从底向上重建了。
NARRATOR: The welfare state provided care; free of charge; ";from womb to tomb。"; Nobody; rich or poor; would need to fear poverty; ignorance; unemployment; ill health; or old age。
旁白:福利国家为公民提供“从出生到死亡”的照管。无论是富人还是穷人都不需要担心贫困、缺乏教育、失业、疾病或年老。
TONY BENN: And people said; ";This is better than allowing a lot of gamblers to run the world; where theyre not interested in us; but only in profit。";
TONY BENN:人们说:“这比让许多赌徒掌管世界要好。这些赌徒不关心我们,他们只对利润有兴趣。”
NARRATOR: Russia ended the war as a military and industrial giant。 With the Red Army and the Secret Police; Stalin imposed his economic system on half of Europe。
旁白:作为一个军事和工业巨人,俄国结束了这场战争。在红军和秘密警察的帮助下,斯大林把他的经济制度强加给半个欧洲。
JEFFREY SACHS: The planned economy of Lenin and Stalin had defeated fascism。 Scientific socialism seemed to be in the ascendancy。
杰裴里。萨克斯:列宁和斯大林的计划经济打败了法西斯主义。科学社会主义似乎处于优势地位。
NARRATOR: Socialism was on the march; capitalism and free markets were on the retreat。
旁白:社会主义在前进;资本主义和自由市场在退却。
JEFFREY SACHS: So about one…third of the world adopted socialism; sometimes to internal revolution; sometimes to brutal imposition by the Red Army。
杰裴里。萨克斯:因此世界的大约三分之一采取了社会主义,有的是因为国内革命,有的是因为红军的强迫。
NARRATOR: The world was divided。 The Cold War had begun。
旁白:世界被划分开来,冷战开始了。
Chapter 8: Pilgrim Mountain '3:43'
第八章:朝圣山
Onscreen title: Switzerland; 1947
字幕标题:瑞士,1947年
NARRATOR: Hayek loved mountains。 He said they breathed freedom。 But he saw socialist ideals and the planned economy as threats to freedom; and so he organized a conference at a formerly fashionable hotel on the top of Mont Pelerin …… Pilgrim Mountain。
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